freezing food
freezing food
ECONOMIC APPRAISAL

Table 2.
Cost comparison of air-blast and
liquid-nitrogen freezing

Items
Air-blast freezing
Liquid-nitrogen freezing
Total cost of equipment installed $131,400
$59,000
Annual Cost:
Operation and maintenance 8,240 1,200
Liquid nitrogen --- 150,000.
Fixed costs(17 % of equipment cost) 22,300 10,000
Product losses (at 46 cents a pound) 46,000 23.000
Total: 76.540 184,200
Cost per pound $0.0153 $0.0368

Table 3 compares costs of freezing IQF (individually quick frozen) strawberries with LN and with air blast in a fluidized bed freezer. This comparison assumes LN at 3 cents a pound, used at a ratio of 1.5 pounds LN to I pound of strawberries. In spite of the greater cost of operating the air-blast freezer, the only factors of significance in this comparison are the cost of liquid nitrogen and the evaporation losses in the air blast operation. If freezing costs and evaporation losses were the only two factors considered, the losses would have to be over 20 percent with strawberries at 20 cents a pound for the total costs to be equal.

Table 3.
Comparison of freezing costs for the first year
Items
Air-blast freezing
Liquid-nitrogen freezing
Plant investment $131,400
$59,000
Evaporation losses 46,000 23,000
Total: 177,400 82,000
Difference 95,400
Liquid-nitrogen cost 150,000

The difference in cost between these two methods is not minor -- it is 2.15 cents a pound, 140 percent more for LN than for air-blast freezing. To answer the argument that liquid-nitrogen freezing permits a much smaller initial outlay of cash (as needed for the plant and equipment), let us consider this fact: liquid nitrogen costs for the first year alone, a cost also to be reckoned in the initial capitalization, is more than the difference in plant costs plus difference in evaporation losses, as shown in table 3.

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